Ingredients: Beta vulgaris/ Sesamum Orientale/ Cera Alba

 Active Ingredients: Polyphenols , carotenoids,  flavonoids , saponins and sesamol and phenolic acids( ferric acid, caffeic acid, Mg, P.fiber, vitamin C tryptophan ,Fe , Cu , K, pectin, vitamin B1 ,vitamin A, phytosterols, betaine, leucine, tyrosine, isoleucine, arginine, nitidine, phenylalanine, urease, tyrosinase, betacyanin,acylglycerols ( linoleic acid, oleic acid, , palmitic acid and arachidonic acid, stearic acid )Furaquinoline, flavonoids,  rutin, capric acid, caprilic and plargonic acids, vitamin K, vitamin P and methyl nonyl essential oil,syringic, Sesamin 

Indications: Dark spots on the skin

Dosage and administration: Cover the spots with herbal cream 2 to 3 times a day

Side effects: No specific side effects have been reported

Contraindications and precautions: First, clean your face thoroughly, then use herbal cream. It is best to test on a part of the skin of the arm before use and use it if you are not sensitive. In psoriasis patients, the product should be taken with a doctor's prescription. Before each use, clean the affected area of any contaminants, dust, and creams and other cosmetic products

Pharmacological effects and mechanism of action MOA: Facial blemishes, or melasma, are usually small or large brown discolorations on the face that are most common in women of childbearing age (20 to 50 years old). Melasma can be seen on the forehead, cheeks, upper lip, chin and nose.  Betaine is a vital methyl group donor . Betaine can disrupt inflammation . through suppressing nuclear factor kappa-light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and Akt activation , and the initiation of inflammasomes Prasad et al.  reported that caffeic acid significantly reduced lipid peroxidation and decreased DNA damage in UVB-irradiated lymphocytes. Moreover, caffeic acid was shown to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation induced by 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in vivo in skin. The compound significantly inhibited TPA induced lipid peroxidation and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) release, up-regulated glutathione content, and inhibited TPA induced expression of NF-κB and COX-2  .Betalains have strong free radical scavenging, and anti-oxidant activities. Their scavenging activity is comparable to butylated hydroxytoluene, the widely used synthetic anti-oxidant . Betalains scavenge galvinoxyl, hydroxyl, and superoxide free radicals Betalains have anti-inflammatory activity. betalain significantly reduced carrageenan-induced superoxide anion, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1β levels in the peritoneal fluid, as well as augmenting IL-10 levels . Allegra et al.  reported that betanins effectively scavenged hypochlorous acid (HClO), the most powerful oxidant produced by neutrophils. HClO has been demonstrated to be a local mediator of tissue damage and the resulting inflammation in various inflammatory diseases  which have been attributed to acne, such as polymorphisms in IL-1α, TNF-α, and CYP1A1 amongst others activities and applications. Sesamin, a furfuran lignan, plays a role in scavenging free radicals and lipid and glucose metabolism. Sesamol possess high antioxidant activity, which involves membrane protection from peroxidation of lipids sesamol has the greatest effect against tyrosinase enzyme On the other hand, beeswax has antibacterial, anti-infla mmatory, antifungal, antioxidant and antiviral properties that have virtually no known side effects

Pharmacological effect of this product from the perspective of traditional medicine: In traditional medicine, if for any reason, the blood leaks up and stays under the skin, it will appear  asspots or freckles. In the first step, they should be absorbed immediately before the blood dries  underthe skin, because if the cracked blood dries on  the lining of the skin, it will turn black and it will be difficult to remove it . This topical medication must be receptive and  destructive to both analyze the substance and block the path to the winning analysis. If the stain is old,  This drug should have the characteristics of sharp sharpness and biting.  If the product is used as a  poultice or ointment for pharmaceuticals, it is necessary to massage the area with hot water for a long  time before using it, then put the ointment on, By selecting the strongest substances that have this  property, this product is able to provide the best treatment

 References: 1-Pmc/Red Beetroot and Betalains as Cancer Chemopreventative Agents/2019 2-Pmc/Medicinal Plants for the Treatment of Acne Vulgaris: A Review of Recent Evidences/2015 3-Pmc/Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Properties of Bioactive Compounds from Sesamum indicum L.—A Review/2019